Using NESA syllabuses
Home schooling parents must prepare educational programs based on NESA syllabuses. Find out how the stages, syllabus elements, outcomes and content work in a NESA syllabus.
When considering an educational program and how to understand NESA syllabuses, home schooling parents should become familiar with the elements outlined below.
Stages
Stages are usually groups of years of schooling.
Home schooling parents need to identify the stage and year their program will be based on.
- Kindergarten (Early Stage 1)
- Years 1 and 2 (Stage 1)
- Years 3 and 4 (Stage 2)
- Years 5 and 6 (Stage 3)
- Years 7 and 8 (Stage 4)
- Years 9 and 10 (Stage 5)
- Years 11 and 12 (Stage 6)
- Some syllabus documents refer to Year 11 as Preliminary and Year 12 as HSC
Curriculum
A curriculum identifies the learning for each stage in the K-12 years.
In NSW, your child’s curriculum is represented by NESA syllabuses.
Key learning areas describe broad areas of learning. NSW syllabuses are developed within the following key learning areas.
- English
- Mathematics
- Human Society and its Environment (HSIE)
- Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
- Creative Arts
- Language
- Science and Technology
- English
- Mathematics
- Human Society and its Environment (HSIE)
- Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
- Creative Arts
- Language
- Science
- Technological and Applied Studies
- Vocational Education and Training (VET)
Selecting NESA syllabuses
The minimum curriculum for education for all NSW children is based on the NESA syllabuses for the following mandatory key learning areas each year.
The mandatory areas of study include:
- English
- Mathematics
- Science and Technology
- Human Society and its Environment (HSIE - Geography and/or History)
- Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
- Creative Arts (Music, Dance, Drama and Visual Arts).
The mandatory areas of study include:
- English
- Mathematics
- Science
- Human Society and its Environment (HSIE - 1 syllabus from this area)
- 2 syllabuses, each from a different key learning area, from the following list:
- Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
- Languages
- Creative Arts
- Technological and Applied Studies.
An example of a curriculum for secondary education
English | Mathematics | Science | HSIE | Option 1 | Option 2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year 9 | English | Mathematics | Science | Commerce | Drama | Agriculture |
Year 10 | English | Mathematics | Science | History Elective | Child Studies | Agriculture |
This example demonstrates a secondary curriculum with:
- the mandatory syllabuses of English, Mathematics and Science
- 1 syllabus from the HSIE key learning area (Commerce in Year 9 and History Elective in Year 10)
- 2 optional syllabuses each year from different key learning areas (Drama and Agriculture in Year 9, Child Studies and Agriculture in Year 10).
Syllabuses other than English, Mathematics and Science may remain constant or change year to year according to the needs and interest of the child.
An additional example of a curriculum for secondary education designed to meet a child’s learning needs
Example 1
English | Mathematics | Science | HSIE | Option 1 | Option 2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year 7 | English Stage 4 | Mathematics Stage 4 | Science Stage 4 | Geography Stage 4 | PDHPE Stage 4 | Food Technology Stage 4 |
Year 8 | English Stage 4 | Mathematics Stage 5 | Science Stage 5 | Geography Stage 4 | PDHPE Stage 4 | Food Technology Stage 4 |
This example demonstrates a pattern of study with:
- the mandatory syllabuses of English, Mathematics and Science
- 1 syllabus from the HSIE key learning area (Geography in both Year 7 and Year 8)
- 2 optional syllabuses each year from different key learning areas
- Mathematics and Science stages reflect the child’s level of achievement.
The following pattern of study is the minimum requirement for senior secondary education.
- a 2 unit English course
- at least 6 units of NESA developed courses
- 3 courses of 2 unit value
- at least 4 subjects
- at least 12 units of study in Year 11 and 10 units of study in Year 12.
NESA syllabus documents outline the unit value of each course. Most courses have a 2 unit value.
In addition to studying English, a senior secondary pattern of study can include a range of courses selected from the following key learning areas:
- Mathematics
- Human Society and its Environment (HSIE)
- Creative Arts
- Technological and Applied Studies
- Science
- Personal Development, Health and Physical Education (PDHPE)
- Languages
- Vocational Education and Training (VET*)
*VET courses can only be delivered by Registered Training Organisations that meet national standards and have the relevant qualification and units of competency on their scope of registration. For further information about the national standards, see the Australian Skills Quality Authority.
Subjects and courses
Within a subject such as Mathematics there may be multiple courses, such as:
- Mathematics Standard
- Mathematics Advanced
- Mathematics Extension 1
- Mathematics Extension 2.
Patterns of study
An example of a pattern of study for Years 11 and 12
Year 11 Course | Units | Year 12 Course | Units |
---|---|---|---|
English Standard | 2 | English Standard | 2 |
Mathematics Advanced | 2 | Mathematics Advanced | 2 |
Economics | 2 | Economics | 2 |
Physics | 2 | ||
Software Engineering | 2 | Software Engineering | 2 |
Engineering Studies | 2 | Engineering Studies | 2 |
Total units Year 11 | 12 | Total units Year 12 | 10 |
This example demonstrates a pattern of study with:
- a 2 unit English course
- a minimum of 12 units in Year 11
- a minimum of 10 units in Year 12
- more than 4 subjects in Year 11.
In this example the child decided to stop studying Physics for Year 12 and concentrate on the remaining courses.
Below are some additional examples of patterns of study designed to meet the needs of a child in senior secondary education.
Example 1
Year 11 Course | Units | Year 12 Course | Units |
---|---|---|---|
English Standard | 2 | English Studies | 2 |
Mathematics Advanced | 2 | Mathematics Advanced | 2 |
Mathematics Extension 1 | 1 | Mathematics Extension 1 | 1 |
Mathematics Extension 2 | 1 | ||
Biology | 2 | Biology | 2 |
Sport, Lifestyle and Recreation | 2 | ||
Software Engineering | 2 | Software Engineering | 2 |
Work Studies | 2 | ||
Total units in Year 11 | 13 | Total units in Year 12 | 10 |
This example demonstrates:
- changes of course options to meet the child’s interests and needs in English (from English Standard to English Studies)
- the minimum of 4 subjects in Year 12 with:
- Mathematics
- English
- Biology
- Software Engineering
- a minimum of 12 units in Year 11
- a minimum of 10 units in Year 12.
In this example the child decided to stop studying Sport, Lifestyle and Recreation as well as Work Studies for Year 12 and concentrate on the remaining courses.
Example 2
Year 11 Course | Units | Year 12 Course | Units |
---|---|---|---|
English Life skills | 2 | English Life skills | 2 |
Mathematics Life Skills | 2 | Mathematics Life Skills | 2 |
Science Life Skills | 2 | Science Life Skills | 2 |
Sport, Lifestyle and Recreation | 2 | Sport, Lifestyle and Recreation | 2 |
Food Technology Life Skills | 2 | Food Technology Life Skills | 2 |
Citizenship and Legal Studies Life Skills | 2 | Citizenship and Legal Studies Life Skills | 2 |
Total units Year 11 | 12 | Total units Year 12 | 12 |
This example demonstrates course options to meet the child’s interests and needs through:
- accessing a combination of syllabuses including some with Life Skills outcomes and content in a range of courses
- a minimum of 12 units in Year 11
- a minimum of 10 units in Year 12.
In this example the child decided to keep studying the same courses and number of units into Year 12.
Note – Stage 6 Life Skills courses provide course options for children with intellectual disability or imputed intellectual disability in Years 11–12 who cannot access related general education courses.
Stage 6 Life Skills courses are not appropriate options for children:
- who do not have an intellectual disability or an imputed intellectual disability
- experiencing significant unexpected and/or chronic health issues
- performing below their cohort
- who could be helped with appropriate adjustments and support
- with emotional and/or behavioural needs.
A student studying any Stage 6 Life Skills course(s) will usually have completed one or more courses based on Life Skills outcomes and content in Years 7–10.
Find additional information on life skills courses.
Syllabus elements
When developing an educational program, parents can choose from syllabus outcomes, content or stage statements.
Please note - all new syllabuses implemented from 2023 no longer include stage statements.
Syllabuses include elements:
- Outcomes are concise statements of the essential knowledge, understanding and skills that children are expected to demonstrate as a result of the teaching and learning of the syllabus. They represent a progression of learning and provide a basis for children to move forward to the next stage of learning.
- Content is found in each syllabus and is directly related to the outcomes a focus area. The content describes the intended learning for each outcome. including the breath and depth of a child’s learning. It provides explicit detail of the knowledge, understanding and skills that children will need to be able to demonstrate the outcome(s).
- Focus areas are used to structure a syllabus, and to support planning and developing units of work. A focus area includes one or more outcome and associated contact.
You can find out more about how syllabus elements work by reading about the Fundamental features and foundations of Principles for new K–12 syllabuses.
Integrating outcomes and content
Many connections exist between the various areas within, and across, syllabuses.
For example:
- mathematical concepts are often interrelated or interdependent
- there are many connections that can be drawn between the areas of oral language and communication, reading and writing in English.
The outcomes on the NSW Curriculum include some examples of:
- related outcomes
- content that could be addressed in parallel.
The suggested connections are not an exhaustive list of the ways that these things are related or could be taught.
Home schooling parents engaging with new NESA syllabuses can access information found in the 'Making connections' section in some syllabuses on the NSW Curriculum website. This may assist when combining outcomes from several syllabuses across key learning areas.