With several risk factors such as genetics, hormonal fluctuations, and stress-related environmental and psychosocial triggers known to be current causes of postpartum depression (PPD), a new study has revealed an increased risk of PPD to be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
GDM is characterised by high blood sugar levels during pregnancy, which is required to ensure sufficient energy supply for both the mother and developing foetus, with the brain being a critical recipient.
This heightened insulin resistance is crucial for supporting pregnancy-induced changes in the brain, promoting health and wellbeing for the mother during her pregnancy. However, after delivery, insulin resistance rapidly declines.
The research reveals that this abrupt shift throws off the balance of dopamine and serotine mood regulators and could potentially be a trigger for PPD for some women.
Lead researcher and Professor of Paediatrics at Nepean Hospital, Ralph Nanan says this known shift in brain chemistry could lead to a better understanding of PPD for women in the future.
“This new research could lead to significant advancements in diagnosing and treating women suffering from PPD,” says Professor Nanan.
“Understanding the shift in brain chemistry, which ultimately controls the mood regulators could inform adjustments to PPD treatment that have never been considered before.”
Whilst more research is required to further support this theory, it’s confirmation could lead to developing treatments that help the brain adjust to the changes after pregnancy.
The research team also included scientists and clinicians from Nepean Hospital and the University of Sydney.
A full copy of the research has been published online at BMC Medicine.
